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The Choctaw code talkers were a group of Choctaw Indians from Oklahoma who pioneered the use of Native American languages as military code. Their exploits took place during the waning days of . The government of the Choctaw Nation maintains these men were the first native code talkers ever to serve in the U.S. military.〔Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma. "Choctaws: The Original Code-Talkers in Defense of Our Land and People." Unpublished manuscript.〕 == Origin of code talking == Code talking, the practice of using complex Native American languages for use as military code by American armed forces, got its start during . The German forces proved not only to speak excellent English, but also to have intercepted and broken American military codes. An American officer, Colonel A. W. Bloor, noticed a number of American Indians serving with him in the 142nd Infantry in France. Overhearing two Choctaw Indians speaking with each another, he realized he could not understand them. He also realized that if he could not understand them, neither could the Germans, no matter how good their English skills, since many Native American languages have never been written down. With the active cooperation of his Choctaw soldiers, he tested and deployed a code, using the Choctaw language in place of regular military code. The first combat test took place on October 26, 1918, when Colonel Bloor ordered a "delicate" withdrawal of two companies of the 2nd Battalion, from Chufilly to Chardeny. The movement was successful. "The enemy's complete surprise is evidence that he could not decipher the messages", Bloor observed. A captured German officer confirmed they were "completely confused by the Indian language and gained no benefit whatsoever" from their wiretaps. Native Americans were already serving as messengers and runners between units. By placing Choctaws in each company, messages could be transmitted regardless if the radio was overheard or the telephone lines tapped. In a post-war memo, Colonel Bloor expressed his pleasure and satisfaction. "We were confident the possibilities of the telephone had been obtained without its hazards." He noted, however, that the Choctaw tongue, by itself, was unable to fully express the military terminology then in use. No Choctaw word or phrase existed to describe a "machine gun", for example. So the Choctaws improvised, using their words for "big gun" to describe "artillery" and "little gun shoot fast" for "machine gun". "The results were very gratifying," Bloor concluded.〔〔"Choctaw Code Talkers", ''Oklahoma Today'', July–August 1988〕〔"Indian Code Talkers Will be Recognized", ''Antlers American'', November 2, 1989〕〔"Choctaw Tongue Proved Too Tough for Germans", ''Antlers American'', March 5, 1966〕〔"Unsung Heroes Indian Military ‘code Talkers'", ''Oklahoma Observer'', November 19, 1986〕〔"Transmitting Messages in Choctaw", Col. A.W. Bloor, memo to the Commanding General, 36th Division, National Archives〕〔 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Choctaw code talkers」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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